Rabu, 15 Desember 2010

From the Council on Foreign Relations

December 15, 2010

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

- Intel Reports Question Afghan Progress
- Allawi Joins Iraqi Government
- South Korea Holds Nationwide Drill
- Chavez Requests Decree Powers

Top of the Agenda: Intel Reports Question Afghan Progress

Two National Intelligence Estimates (NYT) present a pessimistic view of the war in Afghanistan, just a day before the Obama administration's review of U.S. war strategy. The documents contradict much of the U.S. military's recent optimism and suggest a limited chance for U.S. success (LAT) unless Pakistan ends tacit support for the Afghan Taliban in border sanctuaries. Ranking military commanders dispute the reports' findings, claiming much of the intelligence is obsolete and unrepresentative of the recent months' progress from "intensive operations with the full complement of surge forces." In addition, officials argue the reports were written remotely by Washington analysts with limited grasp of on-the-ground dynamics.

Most experts expect the forthcoming policy review to present sufficient progress (Guardian) to allow a modest U.S. reduction of forces. White House officials indicate the review will describe progress in breaking Taliban momentum and destroying al-Qaeda leadership, as well as improved cooperation with Pakistan. After raising troop levels to one hundred thousand last year, the administration hopes to begin a staged withdrawal in July 2011 and hand over the majority of control by 2014.

Analysis:

This opinion piece from Politico details several points of consensus from the policy community on the U.S. mission in Afghanistan.

Reuters' White House blogger Ross Colvin suggests President Obama needs good news in Afghanistan in order to justify an end to the U.S. combat mission.

This CFR Task Force Report examines the U.S. strategy for Afghanistan and Pakistan.

Background:

This Pakistan Crisis Guide from CFR offers a range of expert perspectives on Pakistan's history and future prospects.

MIDDLE EAST: Allawi Joins Iraqi Government

Sunni-backed former Iraqi Prime Minister Ayad Allawi agreed to join the Shiite-led government (WashPost) of political rival Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki, who is expected to announce a government nine months after national elections. The accord represents a political breakthrough for the Obama administration ahead of the planned U.S. military withdrawal in late 2011.

This interview with Charles W. Dunne of the Middle East Institute examines the tenuous Iraq power-sharing deal and suggests it can hold if Maliki keeps his word about Allawi's policymaking role.

Iran: A deadly suicide attack killed thirty-eight (Ynet) people attending a mourning ceremony in Chabahar. The blast, outside a Shiite mosque, follows a string of recent explosions. A local Sunni militant group hostile to the current Iranian regime is known to have waged similar attacks in the area.

PACIFIC RIM: South Korea Holds Nationwide Drill

Amid growing suspicions of an upcoming North Korean nuclear test, South Korea held a nationwide civil defense drill (Yonhap) requiring all citizens to practice mock emergency procedures. It is the nation's largest such drill since 1975.

This interview with Jeffrey Lewis discusses the WikiLeaks cables on North Korea's missile sales to Iran and how they have raised new concerns about the country's proliferation activities.

Australia: A boat carrying seventy asylum seekers crashed into the rocks and sank (SMH) off Christmas Island, killing twenty-seven. The island, an Australian territory, serves as an offshore detention center for refugees. Authorities believe most of the boat's passengers are of Middle Eastern origin.

SOUTH AND CENTRAL ASIA: Chinese PM Arrives in India for Trade Talks

Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao arrived in India (BBC) with a massive delegation to discuss bilateral trade issues. The trip is his first visit in five years and comes at a time of tenuous relations between the two developing nations.

AFRICA: Ghana Begins Pumping Oil

Sixty kilometers off its coast in the Gulf of Guinea, Ghana will begin oil extraction (FT) for the first time in the nation's history. According to the field's operator, Tullow Oil of Ireland, Ghana's Jubilee Field may produce some 120,000 barrels per day as additional wells are drilled.

Ivory Coast: According to the UN, some 3,500 refugees (UNNews) streamed into neighboring Liberia due to growing unrest following opposition leader Alassane Ouattara's contested victory. Prior to the current crisis, the UN was assisting some thirteen thousand refugees.

AMERICAS: Chavez Requests Decree Powers

Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez seeks the legislative power of decree (MiamiHerald) for the fourth time in his eleven years in office. Observers expect the measure to pass, given the pro-Chavez majority in the national assembly. Opposition leaders decried the request for consolidated authority as undemocratic.

This op-ed from CFR Fellow Joel D. Hirst discusses the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America and its ambitious plan to control information across Latin America.

Mexico: The official death toll for drug-related violence (BBC) in the city of Ciudad Juarez--directly across the border from San Antonio, TX--reached three thousand. Most victims are members of rival drug cartels, but civilians and police are often killed as well.

EUROPE: Riots Rage as Berlusconi Wins 'No-Confidence' Vote

Riots broke out in Rome (DeutscheWelle) after Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi managed to survive "no-confidence" votes in both houses of parliament. His loss in either house would have forced resignation. Some forty protestors and at least three police were injured.

UK: A British court granted bail to WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange (BBC), but his release is still contingent on the outcome of a Swedish appeal of the decision. Assange continues to deny the sexual assault charges and claims they are part of a global conspiracy to keep him silent.

 

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