Kamis, 20 Januari 2011

From the Council on Foreign Relations

January 20, 2011

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

- China Admits Human Rights Flaws
- Palestinians Push Settlement Dispute at UN
- KSM Killed Daniel Pearl, Report Finds
- Banker Re-Arrested in Connection with WikiLeaks

Top of the Agenda: China Admits Human Rights Flaws

Chinese President Hu Jintao directly addressed China's record on human rights (al-Jazeera) at a joint U.S.-China press conference, conceding "a lot still needs to be done" on the issue. Experts say the statements signal an apparent shift in tone, but stress that China still views human rights through the lens of the larger issue of national development (BBC). In his statements, U.S. President Barack Obama also urged greater civil liberties and advocated for an open Chinese dialogue with the exiled Dalai Lama (WashPost). In private meetings, officials said the two leaders spent time addressing a number of critical points, including economic and currency issues, as well as North Korea and Iran.

Some analysts suggest the extraordinary pomp and circumstance surrounding the four-day summit, including two state dinners, reflect the changing nature of the U.S.-China relationship and indicate China's rapid ascension to the elite echelon of economies (WSJ). With GDP growth of 10.3 percent, China surpassed Japan (Guardian) in 2010 to become the world's second largest economy. In the coming days, President Hu is scheduled to meet with several top U.S. executives from firms like General Electric, Coca-Cola, and Boeing before heading to Chicago for more business-focused meetings (BBC)

Analysis:

Writing for the BBC, Damian Grammaticas discusses the significance of the moment President Hu was put on the spot about China's human rights record.

In this analysis for the New York Times, Michael Wines discusses the evolving U.S.-China relationship and the prospects for significant developments in the current presidential summit.

China's exchange rate policy will dominate the economic dialogue between the United States and China during President Hu's visit to Washington. There's scant hope differences can be resolved, says CFR's Steven Dunaway.

MIDDLE EAST: Palestinians Push Settlement Dispute at UN

The Palestinian Authority submitted a draft resolution to the UN Security Council proposing to declare Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem illegal. Despite calling for an end to Israeli construction, the United States opposes the unilateral action on grounds that it complicates negotiations (Ynet).

Iran: Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said the United States may impose additional unilateral sanctions on Iran over its suspected nuclear ambitions. The statements come just ahead of Friday's six-nation summit in Istanbul to discuss the Iranian nuclear program (BBC).

In this op-ed for the Financial Times, CFR Senior Fellow Ray Takeyh says President Ahmadinejad is beginning to attempt to consolidate his power in Iran.

PACIFIC RIM: Japanese Leaders Warn of Debt Risks

Japan's new minister for economic and fiscal policy told the Financial Times that his nation's debt had reached a "critical point" that threatened a rise in long-term interest rates. The government intends to initiate broad economic reforms, including a 5 percent consumption tax increase.

SOUTH AND CENTRAL ASIA: KSM Killed Daniel Pearl, Report Finds

A new Georgetown University report concluded that Khalid Sheik Mohammed, the alleged "mastermind" of the September 11 attacks, executed Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl (WashPost).

India: Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh made few significant changes to his cabinet despite intense public dissatisfaction for its handling of corruption (GlobeandMail). In the past few months, Singh's coalition has been mired in scandal, including an illicit telecom deal that may have cost the country up to $36 billion.

AFRICA: Family of Deposed Tunisian President Arrested

According to Tunisian state television (BBC), thirty-three family members of ousted Tunisian President Ben Ali have been arrested. New rounds of protests broke out in capital Tunis, with demonstrators continuing to call for officials of the old guard to step down.

Ivory Coast: The UN Security Council voted unanimously to send an additional two thousand peacekeepers to the Ivory Coast to maintain calm amid growing post-election unrest (WashPost). UN officials fear escalating violence over the disputed presidency could plunge the nation into civil war.

AMERICAS: Exiled Haitian Leader Wants Homecoming

In a letter written from exile in South Africa (MiamiHerald), former Haitian president Jean-Bertrand Aristide expressed his desire to return to Haiti to "serve my Haitian sisters and brothers." Aristide was democratically elected in 1990, but forced into exile twice, most recently in 2004.

Can Haiti rebuild better, with improved stability and prosperity? This CFR Expert Roundup discusses different approaches that can enable Haitians to rebuild and sustain their economy and public sector.

Brazil: In an effort to mitigate rising inflation (FT), the Brazilian central bank raised interest rates by fifty basis points and indicated it was prepared to take further action. Adjusted for inflation, Brazil already has the highest interest rates of any large economy.

EUROPE: Banker Re-Arrested in Connection with WikiLeaks

Following a fresh guilty verdict for violating bank secrecy laws, Swiss banker Rudolf Elmer was arrested again on suspicion of handing over confidential banking data to WikiLeaks (DeutscheWelle).

Spain: In its ongoing effort to avoid an international bailout, Spain is preparing to inject its savings banks, or cajas (WSJ), with $4 billion from a new round of debt issuance. The government will also take steps to simplify the banks' convoluted ownership structures.

Portugal could be the next victim of the eurozone debt crisis, but an EU-IMF led bailout is unlikely to solve the eurozone's larger problems, experts suggest in this CFR Analysis Brief.

 

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